Suitable For Discharge Back Into The Environment Environmental Sciences Essay

Suitable For spend Back Into The Environment environmental Sciences EssayThe environment that we watch in is our most valuable as stria and we must not damage it by polluting the bearing, body of water picture ways and the earth. The concern about our environment has been interpreted into a serious matter in which all people and industries must picnic their part in retentivity our environment clean and safe to live for a long succession to come. The implementation of blow out water preaching in private sector was a good effort from keeping the environment from being damage. In general, boastwater preaching is the process of winning wastewater and making it satisfactory for discharge back into the environment. cetacean mammal is peerless of mechanical devices that play very important role in waste water handling. Its chief(prenominal) guide is to supply pressurized air with sufficient atomic number 8 to meet process unavoidablenesss. Air is forced by cetacean m ammal to distributed provide an aeration to encourage the growth of bacteria/microorganism in the water to break down the pollutants. electric fans come with variety of types one of them is grow cetacean which most suitable uses for industrial waste water interference.However, the disability of roots cetacean mammal to function will bring major problem to waste water treatment section. The sewage cannot be treating be agent there is no air supply for aeration process. This disability may due to over-running, age factor and upcountry parts problem. More than that, whole manufacturing nominate also will be affecting where the achievement line own to stop their accomplishment because the treat discharge waste water unable to comply Standard B, Environmental Quality Act and Regulation. They also ask to face loss such(prenominal) as the cost of downtime or shut down.This problem popularly happens in Synthomer Pasir Gudang be aftert. More worse, every time the roots cetacean mammal having problem, Engineering section especially Mechanical Maintenance branch face difficulties to lift and incline out the forbidding blower from cetacean Room. What burden them over the eld is there argon no ripe ways to lift and cue out dysfunction blower from Blower Room to send for overhaul and maintenance activities.Since this get off is based on my experience from previous industrial Training, I was given an opportunity and encouragement from Engineering Department, Synthomer Pasir Gudang Plant to landing field the problem and endeavor suitable blower relay link inside their Blower Room in order to helps them for maintenance diddles.Problem StatementThe online proficiency utilise to lift and move out dysfunction blower is by hanging the chain block on the 6(six) inch inoffensive steel pipeline by using webbing sling. This technique is in like manner dangerous and the possibility of the pipeline to crack and damage is very in lofty spirits because c annot withstand bothmore the weight of the dysfunction blower after frequent usage. Besides that, improper technique of lifting heavy loads can cause hazard on workers also damage on equipments due to very low safeguard awareness. Other than that, the current technique just especial(a) to lift blower itself only. Other equipments such as motor is beyond its capabilities. Fig. 1 below shows the 6(six) inch stainless steel pipeline utilise as a support to withstand the weight of dysfunction blower in order to lift and move out for maintenance works.HDCIM102_PANAP1020888.JPGHDCIM102_PANAP1020894.JPGFig 1 The 6(six) inch stainless steel pipeline used as support to lift and move out blowerThese problems have motivate this project to design fully safe of new technique to lift and move out blowers as salubrious as other(a) equipments in order to help maintenance work involve in Blower Room, Waste Water Treatment Section, Synthomer Pasir Gudang Plant.ObjectiveThe aims of this project areTo design suitable blower shop supporter for maintenance activities at Blower Room, Waste Water Treatment, Synthomer Pasir Gudang PlantTo propose fabrication of blower lifterScope of intentThe scope of this project will focus on design blower lifter based on problems involve in Blower Room, Waste Water Treatment Section, Synthomer Pasir Gudang Plant. The data and problems are taken directly from Synthomer Pasir Gudang Plant and any related data from others company that have Waste Water Treatment Plant will be neglected. However, if any sewer water Treatment Plant that have exactly uniform grade (Fig.2) as Blower Room in Synthomer Pasir Gudang Plant, the data involve in this project is acceptable to use. In addition, to achieve the project objectives, all development about the structure, configuration of equipments, and maintenance activities in Blower Room electron orbit is crucial in this project. CUsersfasrayDesktoppart 7practikalpictureIMG_5216.JPGCUsersfasrayDesktoppar t 7practikalpictureIMG_5217.JPGFig. 2 Configuration of equipments in Blower RoomBlower Room, Synthomer Pasir Gudang Plant contains 5 units of blower (include motor, silencer, check valve, safety valve and pressure gauge), 10 units of butterfly valve, 2 units of room silencer, pipeline and fittings. epoch-making of ProjectThe significant of this project can be dividing into 2 main groups significant to Safety Maintenance work.1) SafetyThe significant this project on safety is toReduce accident during maintenance work.Prevent equipments from damage.Provide proper way to lift heavy equipments.2) Maintenance worksBlower lifter help to improve and ease maintenance works involve in Blower Room area. This will ease the operators and technician works as this lifter will deoxidise the time of assembles and dissembles activities as well as reduce manpower/workers used while doing maintenance works. Besides that, the lifter could increase the worker productivity by the elimination of non-v alue adding material handling tasks from their work scope.MethodologyObservation from industrial trainingCompany needs advert needs and problem definePDS Lit. Rev. devote Target condition thinkGenerate Product fancyGenerate multiple conceptsConcept valuationPugh ChartTest against SpecificationCADDetail DesignFEM exampleTesting RefinementPropose FabricationProcess Method controversy needs and problem defineAbility to generate good design condition shows the person really understand the problems 12. The initial acquaint of design process requires person to select specific client and identify need 3. In this stage, there are cardinal methods to identify the need through with(predicate) observation from previous industrial training and need from employees, Synthomer Pasir Gudang Plant especially workers at Mechanical Maintenance branch, Engineering Department.Establish Target SpecificationBased on the workers needs and problem define from the observation, a list of target s pecification will establish 2. The method to generate specification is using Product Design Specification (PDS) draw and some lit review from existing product in market.Generate Product Concept1 Ullman2 epingger3 paul m educate engineerv Filipp0 pdsTask week1234567891011121314Project title selectionUnderstanding the project titleDetermined the project objectiveBrainstormingCollecting dataLiterature review cover WritingPresentationlagendPlanningActualSFSFSFTaskWeek1234567891011121314Conceptual DesignIdentify Need Problem DefinitionEstablish Target SpecificationGenerate Product ConceptSystem-Level Design occupy Product Concept(s)Test product Concept(s)Final Product SpecificationPlan Downstream DevelopmentDetail DesignDetails Drawing history of MaterialsCostingTesting RefinementPresentation Report SubmissionLagendPlanningActualFMethodologyCHAPTER 2Basic Wastewater treatment ProcessThe goal of waste water treatment plant is to protect the environment in a manner commensurate with socio-economic and creation health concerns. Wastewater is a combination of water and waste carried water come from homes, industrial and commercial facilities and institutions. Wastewater generally contains high levels of primitive material, toxic, numerous pathogenic microorganisms and nutrients that extremely hazards to public health as well as lead to environmental pollution. So, wastewater must be do by appropriately forwards dispose to surroundings. Treatment of waste water unremarkably carried out in four stages (Fig. 3), commonly referred as preliminary, jump-string, supplementary and 3rd treatment 5.Preliminary PrimarySecondaryTertiaryhttp//www.membrane-solutions.com/img/product/water-treatment-process.jpgFig. 3 various treatment levels in a waste-water treatment plant commingle diagram1. Preliminary treatmentPreliminary treatment prepares waste-water influent for further treatment by reducing or eliminating non-favourable waste-water characteristics that might otherwise impede functioning or excessively increase maintenance of downstream processes and equipment. These characteristics include vast solids and rags, abrasive grit, odours, and, in certain cases, unacceptable for complete loadings. Preliminary treatment processes lie down of sensible unit operations, namely screening and commination for the remotion of debris and rags, grit remotion for the elimination of coarse suspended matter, and flotation for the remotion of oil and grease. Other preliminary treatment operations include flow equalization, septage handling, and odour control.2. Primary treatmentPrimary treatment involves the partial removal of suspended solids and organic matter from the wastewater by means of physical operations such as screening and sedimentation. Pre-aeration with chemical additions is used to grow primary treatment. Primary treatment acts as an earlier step for alternate treatment where the aimed of this stage is to produce a liquid effluent th at suitable for downstream biological treatment and separate out the solids as a oozing that can be economically and conveniently case-hardened earlier ultimate disposal.3. Secondary treatmentSecondary treatment is a stage where removal of soluble, colloidal organics and suspended solids happen after escaped the primary treatment. The process typically done through biological processes, commonly treated by using activated sludge, fixed-film reactors, or lagoon frames and sedimentation.4. Tertiary or advanced waste-water treatmentTertiary treatment goes beyond the level of secondary treatment with 99 percent of impurities such as significant amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metals, biodegradable organics, bacteria and viruses is removes from sewage where producing an effluent at almost drinking-water quality. In addition to biological nutrient removal processes, unit operations often used for this purpose include chemical coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation, follo wed by filtration and activated carbon. little frequently used processes include ion exchange and reverse osmosis for specific ion removal or for dissolved solids reduction.5 Metcalf and Eddy. Wastewater Engineering Treatment, Disposal and Reuse. 3rd ed. brand-new York McGraw Hill, 1991.Process return DiagramThe high organic load wastewater stream from the production plant istransferred to leveling tank 1 (EQ-1) where organic and hydraulicLoading is equalized. Air is supply to the equalization tank for mixed bag and to prevent the wastewater from septic condition. When the accumulate wastewater reach to the set point level, the EQ pumpwill transfer the wastewater to Equalization tank 2 (EQ-2) and to mix with the other entangled wastewater from the production plant. The organic and hydraulic loading is equalized again for further biological treatment.The composite wastewater from EQ-2 shall be transferred and pumped forSecondary Treatment, an aerobic treatment governing body n amely Alternative Intermittent Cyclic Reactor (AICAR) via neutralization tank.pH of the wastewater is adjusted to ensure the aerobic digester operates at its optimum efficiency. all told chemical dosing pumps are synchronized with the level switch. The pH is monitored and adjusted check to the set points by an automatic dosing pump system.Three (3) AICAR reactors are intentional to handle the wastewater at an average flow from EQ-2. Each AICAR consist of two sub-reactors. AICAR operates in continuous mode on alternatively sustenance and discharging wastewater from the reactor. One AICAR is allowed to stop for maintenance at one time while the others shall be at maximum operating efficiency.AICAR operates at 3 cycles per day per reactor in ordinary operation . During maintenance, only two AICAR reactors are set for running mode.When AICAR-1 is in feeding mode, first half of the reactor is in aeration while second half of the reactor is in settling and decanting mode. The circula tion/sludge pump will be turn on to equalize solids content in aeration tank and at the same time, the sludge pump will operate as sludge wastagepump.At this stage, AICAR-2 3 are fully in aeration basis where the blower BL-02 and BL-03 are operating against the dissolved oxygen level in the reactor.The blower-diffuser system is provided to view as the oxygen requirement in the aerobic treatment system. The air supply system is controlled by the online dissolved oxygen (DO) meter and the frequency of the blower motor is varied against DO content in water during normal aeration cycle. However, there will be a fix blower operation frequency during the feeding cycle to ensure sufficient oxygen provided for high organic load during feeding.The secondary treated wastewater is collected in the weir compartment of all AICAR and distributed into BioNET (Biological New Environmental Technology) reactor as tertiary treatment system. BioNET will act as a biological polishing system for refra ctory COD and at the same time willfunction as an ammonia nitrogen removal systemBioNET reactor consists of two parallel lines (Figure 5). The reactors are filled with porous PU foam or non-woven fibres as reactors carriers that offer a large surface area for micro-organism alliance and growth. Wastewater will flow from the bottom of the BioNET reactor and in disturb with theorganism which attached to the BioNET carriers.BioNET will be backwashed to release excessive bio-growth to hold on the efficiency of the bacterial digestion.The SOP for the BioNET operation is shown in Table 1. both AICAR and BioNET operation will be prefixed with PLC system.After tertiary treatment, the treated wastewater will then flow into a Clarifier for solids separation. Patented Settling thermionic valve is used in the modified clarifier to separate solid/biomass and supernatant or clear water is discharge to main drain as terminal discharge treated water. Electromagnetic flowmeter, pHThe final disc harge water. Flow and pH monitoring is to fulfil the regulatory requirement by the DOE.Wastage sludge from AICAR and settled sludge from Clarifier shall discharge to the drum thickener for thickening purposes before transferred to sludge holding tank. Wastage sludge from sludge holding tank is well-read with polymer prior for dewatering.